Difficulties in obtaining EU citizenship
🔹 Top countries in Europe with the most difficult citizenship obtainment 🇸🇪 Sweden
▪️ Duration of residence: 5 years (it is planned to increase to 8)
▪️ Language: B1 test is required from June 2026
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▪️ Income: about 20,000 CZK per month
▪️ Application processing: on average 47 months
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▪️ Dual citizenship: allowed by 🇩🇪 Germany
▪️ Residence period: 5 years ▪️ Language: B1
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▪️ Additionally: passing a test on the legislation and life in the country and proof of financial independence
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▪️ Dual citizenship: allowed 🇫🇷 France ▪️ Residence period: 5 years (sometimes 2 years after graduation)
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▪️ Language: B2 (one of the highest requirements in Europe)
▪️ Additionally: integration and knowledge of society exam and a strict financial stability test
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▪️ Dual citizenship: allowed by 🇪🇸 Spain
▪️ Duration of residence: 10 years ▪️ Language: A2
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▪️ Optional: passing a test on culture and government. After approval, you must take the oath of allegiance to the King of Spain
▪️ Dual citizenship: allowed only for citizens of certain countries 🇮🇹 Italy
▪️ Duration of residence: 10 years (4 years for EU citizens) ▪️ Language: B1
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▪️ Consideration: 24–36 months
▪️ Dual citizenship: allowed 🇦🇹 Austria
▪️ Residence permit: 10 years (5 years with permanent residence)
▪️ Language: B1 ▪️ Additionally: citizenship test and proof of financial independence
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▪️ Dual citizenship: mostly not allowed 🇩🇰 Denmark
▪️ Residence requirement: approx. 9 years ▪️ Language: B2
▪️ Additionally: a difficult citizenship test and a mandatory ceremony with a handshake with an official
▪️ Dual citizenship: allowed 🇨🇭 Switzerland
▪️ Residence period: 10 years ▪️ Language: A2 written / B1 spoken
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▪️ Special feature: active integration into the local community is important. Decisions are made by the federal government, the canton and the local community
▪️ Dual citizenship: allowed in 🇳🇴 Norway
▪️ Duration of residence: 5-8 years ▪️ Language: B1 ▪️ Test: social studies
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▪️ Dual citizenship: allowed